Karpoor (Cinnamomum camphora), also known as camphor, is a significant herb in Ayurveda valued for its cooling, purifying, and soothing properties. It’s commonly used in both therapeutic applications and rituals due to its potent aroma and medicinal effects.

1. Botanical Name

• Cinnamomum camphora

2. Family

• Lauraceae (Laurel family)

3. Description

Karpoor is a medium to large evergreen tree that grows up to 100 feet. It has thick, rough bark and glossy, leathery leaves. The tree produces small, yellow flowers and clusters of black, berry-like fruit. Camphor is derived from the wood and leaves of the tree through steam distillation.

4. Occurrence

Native to China, Japan, and Taiwan, camphor trees also grow in India, particularly in the Himalayas and Western Ghats. It is cultivated for both medicinal and commercial purposes in various parts of Asia.

5. Chemical Constituents

Karpoor contains:

• Camphor (major active component)
• Safrole
• Cineole
• Limonene
• Borneol These compounds contribute to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties.

6. Guna (Properties)

• Rasa (Taste): Tikta (bitter), Katu (pungent)
• Guna (Quality): Laghu (light), Ruksha (dry)
• Virya (Potency): Shita (cooling)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive effect): Katu (pungent)

7. Uses in Ayurveda

Karpoor is utilized for:

• Respiratory relief: Clears congestion, helpful in coughs, asthma, and cold.
• Pain relief: Effective in muscle pain and joint disorders.
• Skin health: Treats itching, acne, and skin rashes.
• Calming nerves: Eases anxiety and promotes calmness.
• Insect repellent: Due to its strong aroma, it keeps insects away.

8. Mode of Action

Karpoor acts primarily on the respiratory and nervous systems. It has a cooling effect that helps balance pitta dosha, reducing inflammation and easing respiratory distress. Its ability to penetrate deeply makes it effective for muscular and joint discomfort. Its antimicrobial and antifungal actions help purify skin and prevent infections.

9. Home Remedies

• For Cough and Cold: Add a pinch of camphor powder to boiling water and inhale the steam to relieve nasal and chest congestion.
• For Muscle Pain: Mix a small amount of camphor oil with coconut oil and massage it on sore muscles or joints.
• Skin Itchiness: Dilute a few drops of camphor oil in a carrier oil and apply it to the affected area to soothe itching.
• Insect Repellent: Place camphor tablets in corners of the room to repel insects and maintain a fresh aroma.

10. Dosage

• Camphor Oil: A few drops diluted with a carrier oil for topical use.
• Inhalation: Add a small pinch of camphor to steam water for respiratory relief.
• Tablets: Commercially available camphor tablets for external or inhalation use (avoid internal consumption without guidance).

11. Caution

• Avoid Ingestion: Karpoor is toxic if ingested in large amounts, so it should only be used externally or for inhalation.
• Not for Pregnant or Nursing Mothers: Its strong aroma and potency may not be suitable.
• Sensitive Skin: Can cause skin irritation if used undiluted; always dilute with a carrier oil.
• Monitor Dosage: Camphor is powerful; excessive use can cause dizziness, nausea, or headaches.

Karpoor is a versatile Ayurvedic remedy that, when used with care, offers significant benefits for respiratory health, pain relief, and skin issues. Its aromatic and cooling qualities make it valuable in traditional treatments and holistic wellness.