Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) is an Ayurvedic herb recognized for its restorative, nutritive, and cooling properties. Often used to support skin health, manage pitta disorders, and treat digestive and urinary issues, Priyal is highly valued in traditional medicine.

Botanical Name:

• Buchanania lanzan

Family:

• Anacardiaceae (Cashew family)

Description:

• Priyal is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing up to 12-15 meters in height. It has rough, greyish bark and oblong leaves that are leathery and smooth. The tree produces small, white flowers in clusters and oval fruits that mature to a dark brown or black shade. Priyal seeds, commonly called Chironji, are almond-like and used for their therapeutic and culinary benefits.

Occurrence:

• Priyal is native to the Indian subcontinent, especially in the tropical and subtropical forests of central and northern India. It is commonly found in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and parts of the Western Ghats.

Chemical Constituents:

• Flavonoids
• Saponins
• Tannins
• Alkaloids
• Vitamins: B-complex, C
• Minerals: Iron, Calcium, Magnesium
• Essential Oils: Found in seeds and leaves
• Fatty Acids: Present in seeds, including linoleic acid

Guna (Properties):

• Rasa (Taste): Madhura (Sweet)
• Guna (Quality): Guru (Heavy), Snigdha (Unctuous)
• Virya (Potency): Shita (Cold)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive effect): Madhura (Sweet)

Uses in Ayurveda:

1. Pitta Pacification: Beneficial for conditions aggravated by excessive Pitta, like skin inflammation and burning sensations.
2. Digestive Aid: Supports digestive health and is useful in managing diarrhea and dysentery.
3. Urinary Health: Helps in alleviating burning micturition and other urinary tract issues.
4. Nervine Tonic: Known to calm and soothe the nervous system, aiding in stress relief.
5. Nutritive Tonic: Chironji seeds are considered a nourishing and rejuvenating agent for general health and vitality.

Mode of Action:

• Priyal’s cooling and anti-inflammatory properties make it effective in pacifying Pitta dosha, particularly beneficial for reducing burning sensations in both skin and urinary conditions. The fatty acids and antioxidants found in Priyal support skin health, help in wound healing, and provide nourishment, promoting a youthful and healthy appearance. Additionally, the mild astringency helps in managing diarrhea and dysentery by balancing gut flora and strengthening intestinal walls.

Home Remedies:

1. For Skin Health: A paste of Chironji seeds mixed with milk can be applied to the face as a natural moisturizer and to treat acne or other skin conditions.
2. For Burning Sensation in Urination: A decoction of Priyal bark or seed powder in milk can provide relief.
3. For Diarrhea: A small dose of Chironji powder mixed with water can help reduce diarrhea symptoms.
4. For Nervous Calm: Consuming a few Priyal seeds daily can help reduce stress and anxiety due to their nervine tonic properties.

Dosage:

• Churna (Powder): 3-5 grams, once or twice a day, preferably with milk or water.
• Seed Paste (Lepa): For external application on the skin, as needed.
• Decoction: 10-20 ml, once or twice daily.

Caution:

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Use with caution and only under guidance.
• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to Priyal; perform a patch test before applying it to the skin.
• Excessive Use: Overuse may lead to digestive discomfort in individuals with weak digestion due to its heavy nature.

Priyal, commonly known as Chironji or Cuddapah Almond, is a tree native to India whose seeds, bark, and leaves are used extensively in Ayurveda. It is renowned for its nutritive, cooling, and calming properties. Ayurvedic texts describe Priyal as a versatile herb beneficial for various diseases, particularly for its ability to balance the Pitta and Vata doshas.

1. Diseases and Conditions Where Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) Can Be Used in Ayurveda

Priyal is employed in Ayurveda for its therapeutic effects on several ailments:

a. Digestive Disorders

• Conditions: Diarrhea (Atisara), dysentery, and indigestion.
• Role: Priyal seeds and bark have astringent properties that help soothe the digestive tract, reduce inflammation, and treat diarrhea and dysentery by reducing excessive bowel movements.
• Scientific Validation: Studies indicate that Buchanania lanzan contains tannins, which exhibit anti-diarrheal properties. It also possesses antimicrobial properties that combat harmful gut bacteria.

b. Urinary Disorders

• Conditions: Burning sensation during urination (Mutrakricchra), urinary tract infections (UTIs).
• Role: The cooling nature of Priyal helps alleviate urinary discomfort and clears inflammation in the urinary tract. Its mild diuretic properties assist in flushing out toxins.
• Scientific Validation: The seeds have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and soothing effects on the urinary tract.

c. Respiratory Conditions

• Conditions: Cough (Kasa), cold, asthma (Shwasa).
• Role: Priyal’s expectorant properties help in clearing mucus and relieving respiratory congestion. Its anti-inflammatory action reduces airway inflammation.
• Scientific Validation: Research supports its use in reducing respiratory inflammation and as a natural bronchodilator.

d. Skin Disorders

• Conditions: Acne, boils, skin rashes, and wounds.
• Role: Priyal has skin-healing and anti-inflammatory properties that help treat various skin conditions. Its paste is often applied topically to reduce inflammation, soothe itching, and promote wound healing.
• Scientific Validation: The presence of flavonoids and tannins in Priyal contributes to its wound-healing and anti-inflammatory capabilities.

e. Reproductive Health

• Conditions: Spermatorrhea, menstrual irregularities, and general debility.
• Role: Priyal acts as a rejuvenative (Rasayana) herb for the reproductive system, improving sperm quality and regulating menstrual cycles. Its cooling properties are particularly beneficial for Pitta-related issues.
• Scientific Validation: Its nutritive properties help improve reproductive health, and studies highlight its potential in managing oxidative stress in reproductive tissues.

f. General Debility and Weakness

• Role: Priyal seeds are rich in essential nutrients and act as a general tonic to boost energy levels, strengthen immunity, and improve overall vitality.
• Scientific Validation: Priyal seeds are a source of proteins, vitamins, and antioxidants, which aid in combating fatigue and oxidative damage.

2. Names of Ayurvedic Medications Where Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) Is Used as an Ingredient

a. Chyawanprash

• Role of Priyal: Contributes to its nutritive, rejuvenative, and immunity-boosting properties.
• Other Indications: Respiratory health, skin health, general immunity enhancement.

b. Khadiradi Vati

• Role of Priyal: Its cooling and astringent properties help soothe oral and throat inflammation.
• Other Indications: Mouth ulcers, sore throat, and bad breath.

c. Panchamrita

• Role of Priyal: Acts as a cooling agent and nutritive tonic.
• Other Indications: Enhances energy levels, improves skin health, and balances Pitta.

d. Lavan Bhaskar Churna

• Role of Priyal: Enhances digestive properties and mitigates acidity.
• Other Indications: Treats indigestion, bloating, and acid reflux.

3. Relevance of Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) in Ayurveda Towards Normalizing Dosha Behavior

Priyal is highly regarded in Ayurveda for its dosha-balancing properties:

a. Balances Pitta Dosha

• Its cooling nature is effective in reducing Pitta aggravation, which manifests as inflammation, excessive heat in the body, and irritability. It is especially beneficial for conditions like hyperacidity, skin eruptions, and burning sensations.

b. Balances Vata Dosha

• Priyal’s nutritive and grounding properties help calm Vata disturbances, which can lead to dryness, anxiety, and irregular digestion. Its oil content nourishes tissues, alleviating dryness and weakness.

c. Neutral Effect on Kapha Dosha

• Priyal has a neutral or mild reducing effect on Kapha. It helps in preventing excessive mucus production, making it suitable for respiratory issues without excessively drying out the body.

4. Harmful Effects Associated with Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) Intake

While Priyal is generally safe for most individuals, improper use or overconsumption can lead to side effects:

a. Digestive Upset

• Overconsumption may cause digestive discomfort, such as bloating or mild constipation, especially in individuals with a predominance of Kapha.

b. Allergic Reactions

• Some individuals may experience allergic reactions such as itching or rashes when using Priyal topically or consuming it.

c. Pregnancy and Lactation

• While Priyal is considered safe in moderate amounts, it is advisable for pregnant or lactating women to consult a healthcare practitioner before use due to limited research on its safety during these periods.

d. Cooling Effect

• Its strong cooling nature might aggravate Kapha or lower digestive fire (Agni) if consumed in excess, leading to sluggish digestion.

Conclusion

Priyal (Buchanania lanzan) is a versatile and highly valued herb in Ayurveda, offering numerous benefits for digestive health, skin conditions, respiratory ailments, and general vitality. Its ability to balance Pitta and Vata doshas makes it a crucial component in various Ayurvedic formulations. However, its use should be mindful, avoiding overconsumption, particularly in individuals with Kapha dominance or weak digestion. When used appropriately, Priyal serves as a powerful herb for promoting overall health and well-being.