Todri in Ayurveda

Botanical Name

Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb.

Family

Saxifragaceae (Saxifrage Family)

Description

Todri, also known as Patharchatta in Ayurveda, is a perennial herbaceous plant known for its thick, fleshy leaves and a creeping rhizome. It is widely recognized in traditional medicine for its ability to manage urinary disorders, particularly kidney stones. The plant can grow up to 30–40 cm in height and is characterized by its large, oval, leathery leaves with toothed margins and clusters of pink or purple flowers blooming during spring.

The rhizome is the most commonly used part for medicinal purposes, although the leaves and flowers also hold therapeutic value. Todri exhibits a slightly bitter taste with cooling properties, making it a popular choice for managing heat-related disorders.

Occurrence

Todri thrives in cooler climates and is primarily found in hilly regions. It grows abundantly in the Himalayas, from Kashmir to Bhutan, at elevations ranging from 1,500 to 4,500 meters. It is also found in parts of China, Nepal, and Myanmar. The plant prefers rocky terrains and moist, shaded areas, making it a common sight in mountainous regions.

Chemical Constituents

Todri contains a variety of bioactive compounds that contribute to its medicinal properties:

1. Phenolic Compounds: Bergenin, catechin.
2. Tannins: Known for their astringent properties.
3. Glycosides: Arbutin, which has antimicrobial and diuretic effects.
4. Flavonoids: Exhibiting antioxidant activity.
5. Terpenoids: Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
6. Minerals: Rich in calcium, potassium, and magnesium.
7. Saponins: Contributing to its adaptogenic properties.

Guna (Properties)

• Rasa (Taste): Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
• Guna (Qualities): Laghu (Light), Snigdha (Unctuous)
• Veerya (Potency): Shita (Cooling)
• Vipaka (Post-digestive Effect): Madhura (Sweet)
• Dosha Effect: Balances Pitta and Kapha doshas.

Uses in Ayurveda

1. Urinary Disorders:

   • Todri is renowned for its ability to dissolve kidney stones and promote urinary health. Its diuretic properties help in flushing out toxins and stones from the urinary tract.

2. Anti-inflammatory Action:

   • The plant reduces inflammation in tissues, making it useful in treating conditions like arthritis and joint pain.

3. Respiratory Health:

   • It is beneficial in managing cough, cold, and respiratory infections due to its antimicrobial properties.

4. Digestive Health:

   • Todri aids in improving digestion, relieving constipation, and reducing hyperacidity.

5. Skin Disorders:

   • Its astringent properties make it effective in treating skin conditions like acne, eczema, and minor wounds.

6. Anti-aging and Detoxification:

   • Rich in antioxidants, Todri helps in fighting free radicals, delaying aging, and detoxifying the body.

7. Fever Management:

   • It is used in managing febrile conditions, especially in cases of chronic or recurrent fevers.

Mode of Action

1. Lithotriptic Effect:

   • Bergenin in Todri helps dissolve kidney stones and prevents their recurrence by modifying urine composition.

2. Anti-inflammatory Properties:

   • Flavonoids and terpenoids reduce inflammation and pain, providing relief in joint and muscle conditions.

3. Antimicrobial Action:

   • Arbutin and phenolic compounds inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, making it effective in urinary and respiratory infections.

4. Cooling and Detoxifying Effect:

   • Its cooling nature helps in reducing Pitta-related disorders and detoxifying the blood.

5. Astringent Action:

   • The tannins in Todri tone and tighten tissues, promoting wound healing and reducing excessive secretions.

Home Remedies

1. For Kidney Stones:

   • Boil 5–10 g of Todri rhizome in water and drink the decoction twice daily to dissolve stones and relieve urinary discomfort.

2. For Urinary Infections:

   • Prepare a tea using Todri leaves and add a teaspoon of honey. Consume it to reduce burning sensations and frequent urination.

3. For Joint Pain:

   • Make a paste of Todri rhizome and apply it externally on affected areas for pain relief.

4. For Respiratory Issues:

   • Mix Todri powder with honey and consume to alleviate cough and cold symptoms.

5. For Skin Conditions:

   • Crush fresh Todri leaves and apply the paste on acne or eczema for soothing and healing effects.

6. For Digestive Problems:

   • A decoction of Todri rhizome can be taken before meals to enhance digestion and relieve bloating.

7. For Detoxification:

   • Add Todri powder to warm water with lemon juice. Drink this mixture daily to cleanse the body.

Dosage

• Rhizome Powder: 2–5 grams, twice daily with water.
• Decoction: 50–100 ml, twice daily.
• Fresh Leaf Juice: 10–20 ml, once or twice daily.
• Paste: Applied externally as needed.

Note: The dosage may vary based on the individual’s health condition and should be guided by an Ayurvedic practitioner.

Caution

1. Pregnancy and Lactation:

   • Avoid usage during pregnancy without medical supervision, as it may stimulate uterine contractions.

2. Excessive Dosage:

   • Overuse can lead to nausea, vomiting, or gastrointestinal discomfort.

3. Allergic Reactions:

   • Perform a patch test before applying Todri externally to rule out any skin sensitivity.

4. Children:

   • Use cautiously in children and always under medical supervision.

5. Pre-existing Conditions:

   • Individuals with chronic conditions like diabetes or hypertension should consult a doctor before use.

6. Drug Interactions:

   • Todri may interfere with medications for kidney, urinary, or respiratory conditions. Consult a physician for guidance.

Todri (Bergenia ciliata) in Ayurveda

Todri, also known as Pashanabheda, is a highly valued herb in Ayurveda, primarily recognized for its role in breaking stones (Pashanabheda literally means “stone-breaker”). It possesses bitter (Tikta) and astringent (Kashaya) tastes, light (Laghu) and dry (Ruksha) qualities, and cooling potency (Sheeta Virya). Its post-digestive effect (Vipaka) is sweet (Madhura), which makes it effective in managing Pitta and Kapha-related disorders. Todri is widely used in urinary, digestive, and skin diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and wound-healing properties.

Diseases and Conditions Where Todri Can Be Used

1. Urinary Disorders (Mutra Roga):

   • Mutrashmari (Urinary Stones): Acts as a lithotriptic, breaking down stones and aiding in their expulsion.
   • Mutrakrichha (Dysuria): Relieves burning sensation and promotes smooth urination.
   • Mutraghata (Urinary Retention): Clears blockages and restores normal urine flow.
   • Prameha (Urinary Disorders): Effective in managing diabetic complications affecting the urinary tract.

2. Renal and Hepatic Disorders:

   • Kidney Stones: Dissolves and prevents the formation of kidney stones.
   • Liver Dysfunction: Supports liver detoxification and improves its functioning.

3. Respiratory Disorders (Shwasa-Kasa Roga):

   • Shwasa (Asthma): Clears respiratory channels by reducing Kapha congestion.
   • Kasa (Cough): Soothes irritation in the throat and reduces excessive mucus production.

4. Digestive Disorders (Agni Vikara):

   • Amlapitta (Hyperacidity): Reduces Pitta aggravation, soothing the stomach lining.
   • Atisara (Diarrhea): Controls watery stools by improving gut strength.

5. Skin Disorders (Twak Roga):

   • Vrana (Wounds): Promotes wound healing by its astringent and antimicrobial properties.
   • Kushta (Chronic Skin Diseases): Detoxifies the skin and reduces inflammation.

6. Reproductive Disorders:

   • Yoniroga (Gynecological Issues): Used in conditions like leucorrhea and vaginal infections.
   • Postpartum Care: Helps in cleansing and strengthening reproductive tissues.

7. General Detoxification:

   • Purifies blood and removes toxins (Ama) from the body.

Ayurvedic Formulations Containing Todri

1. Pashanabhedadi Kashaya:

   • Indication: Used for urinary stones, dysuria, and kidney health.
   • Action: Breaks stones, soothes the urinary tract, and acts as a diuretic.

2. Mutrakrichhara Churna:

   • Indication: Formulated for dysuria, urinary retention, and burning sensation.
   • Action: Reduces inflammation and promotes urine flow.

3. Kushtaghna Taila:

   • Indication: A medicated oil for chronic skin diseases and wound healing.
   • Action: Detoxifies and heals skin lesions.

4. Vrana Ropana Lepa:

   • Indication: A topical paste for promoting wound healing.
   • Action: Reduces inflammation and speeds up the repair of damaged tissues.

5. Pitta Shamaka Avaleha:

   • Indication: Used for hyperacidity and liver detoxification.
   • Action: Soothes Pitta-related imbalances and supports digestion.

6. Prameha Haritaki Churna:

   • Indication: Effective in managing diabetes-related complications, especially urinary disorders.
   • Action: Improves glucose metabolism and reduces inflammation.

Dosha-Dhatu Physiology Response

1. Doshas:

   • Pitta Dosha: Cooling properties make Todri highly effective in pacifying aggravated Pitta, especially in conditions like hyperacidity and burning sensations.
   • Kapha Dosha: Its light and dry qualities reduce Kapha, clearing congestion and improving metabolism.
   • Vata Dosha: Though not a primary action, Todri can mildly support Vata balance by strengthening tissues and reducing dryness.

2. Dhatus:

   • Rasa Dhatu (Plasma): Purifies plasma and improves hydration.
   • Rakta Dhatu (Blood): Detoxifies blood and reduces inflammation.
   • Medas Dhatu (Fat): Aids in reducing excessive fat accumulation and toxins.
   • Mutra Vaha Srotas (Urinary Channels): Cleanses and rejuvenates urinary pathways.
   • Mamsa Dhatu (Muscle): Strengthens muscle tissue and promotes healing.

Harmful Effects and Contraindications

1. Excessive Cooling:

   • Prolonged use may aggravate Vata in individuals prone to coldness, dryness, or joint pain.

2. Pregnancy:

   • Should be used with caution during pregnancy as it may affect uterine contractions.

3. Chronic Use:

   • Overuse may lead to reduced digestive strength (Mandagni), causing symptoms like bloating or weak digestion.

4. Hypotension:

   • Due to its diuretic effects, it may lower blood pressure in sensitive individuals.

5. Allergic Reactions:

   • Rarely, some individuals may experience mild skin irritation or gastrointestinal discomfort.

6. Renal Caution:

   • Excessive diuretic action might cause electrolyte imbalances if used without medical guidance.

Conclusion

Todri (Bergenia ciliata) is a versatile herb with profound benefits in managing urinary stones, skin diseases, and Pitta-related disorders. Its detoxifying and diuretic properties make it a cornerstone in Ayurveda for promoting kidney and urinary health. However, it should be used under the guidance of an Ayurvedic practitioner to prevent potential side effects and ensure balanced dosha alignment